Canvas is a durable fabric typically made from thick cotton or linen. It gets its name from its historical use in ship sails. Most canvas fabrics are woven in a plain weave, although some may use a twill weave. The warp and weft threads are usually made from multiple strands, which contributes to the fabric’s strength and resilience. Canvas is generally divided into two main types: coarse canvas and fine canvas. Coarse canvas, also known as "canopy cover fabric," is commonly used in the production of 4 to 7 strand yarns with a count of 58 (10 bristles). This type of canvas is strong, long-lasting, and has excellent waterproof properties, making it ideal for car covers, outdoor storage, and camping tents. Fine canvas, on the other hand, uses 2 to 6 strands of yarn ranging from 58 to 28 (10 bristle/2 to 21 bristle/6), and is often used for protective clothing and related equipment. After dyeing, it can also be used for making shoes, travel bags, and backpacks. In addition to traditional canvas, there are specialized variants such as rubber-coated canvas, fire-resistant canvas, radiation-shielding canvas, and paper machine canvas. 1. **Canvas Yarn Count**: Yarn count refers to the thickness of the thread. In China, the term "English system" is commonly used. This system defines one "S" count as the length of 840 yards per pound of yarn. If a pound of yarn measures 10 times that length, it is considered 10S. Single yarns are labeled as 32S, while two-ply yarns are written as 32S/2. Similarly, 42S/3 represents three-ply yarn. 2. **Canvas Density**: Density is measured in metric units and refers to the number of warp and weft threads per 10 cm. The density directly affects the fabric's appearance, feel, thickness, strength, flexibility, air permeability, and durability. It also influences the cost and production efficiency of the final product. 3. **Canvas Weight**: Weight is expressed in grams per square meter (g/m²) and is used to describe the weight of the fabric. Woven canvas is often labeled in ounces (Oz), while knitted canvas is typically measured in g/m². One ounce equals approximately 28.35 grams. The weight of the fabric depends on the yarn count and density—thicker yarn and higher density result in heavier fabric. Ounces are typically used for thicker materials like denim and heavy canvas. Although the weight is not directly tied to the fabric’s density, it gives an indication of the fabric's thickness and quality. 4. **Canvas Width**: The width of the canvas is measured in inches or centimeters. Common international widths include 36", 47", and 63", which correspond to approximately 90cm, 120cm, and 160cm respectively. The conversion formula between inches and centimeters is 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Understanding these specifications helps in selecting the right canvas for different applications, whether for industrial use, outdoor gear, or fashion accessories. With the right combination of yarn, density, weight, and width, canvas remains a versatile and reliable material in many industries.