Canvas is a durable fabric typically made from thick cotton or linen, originally developed for use in sails. It is most commonly woven in a plain weave structure, though some variations use a twill weave. The warp and weft yarns are often composed of multiple strands, enhancing the fabric’s strength and resilience. Canvas is generally categorized into two types: coarse canvas and fine canvas. Coarse canvas, also known as "canopy cover fabric," is widely used in industrial applications such as the production of 4 to 7 strand No. 58 (10 briskets) knitted fabrics. It is known for its durability, resistance to wear, and good water-repellent properties, making it ideal for covering vehicles, outdoor storage areas, and tents. Fine canvas, on the other hand, uses finer warp and weft yarns—typically 2 to 6 strands of 58 to 28 counts (10 bristle/2 to 21 briskets/6). This type is often used for protective garments and their accessories. After dyeing, it can also be used for making shoes, travel bags, and backpacks. Additional specialized variants include rubber-coated canvas, fire-retardant canvas, radiation-shielding canvas, and paper machine canvas. Understanding canvas involves knowing key terms like yarn count, density, weight, and width. **Canvas Yarn:** In simple terms, yarn count refers to the thickness of the thread. In China, the common system is the "English" system. One pound (454 grams) of cotton yarn (or another fiber) that measures 840 yards is considered one count. If the length is 10 times 840 yards, it is referred to as 10-count. In the English system, this is denoted by the letter "S." For example, a single yarn of 32 counts is labeled as 32S. When multiple strands are twisted together, it's written as 32S/2 for two strands, 42S/3 for three strands, and so on. **Canvas Density:** Density is measured in metric units and refers to the number of warp and weft threads within 10 cm of the fabric. It directly affects the fabric’s appearance, feel, thickness, strength, flexibility, air permeability, abrasion resistance, and thermal properties. It also influences the cost and production efficiency of the final product. **Canvas Weight:** Weight is expressed in grams per square meter (g/m²). For woven canvas, it may also be labeled in ounces (OZ), while knitted canvas is usually described in g/m². One ounce is approximately 28.35 grams. The weight of the fabric depends on both the yarn thickness and the density. Thicker yarns and higher densities result in heavier fabric. Ounces are typically used for thicker materials, such as denim and heavy canvas. While the term “ounce” is often associated with coarser yarns, it is now commonly used for denim and canvas products. **Canvas Width:** The width of the canvas is measured in inches or centimeters. Internationally, it is often expressed in inches, such as 47", while in many countries, it is given in centimeters, such as 120cm. The conversion between inches and centimeters is 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Here are some common conversions: - 36" = 91.44 cm ≈ 90cm - 47" = 119.38 cm ≈ 120cm - 63" = 160.02 cm ≈ 160cm These measurements help in selecting the right size for different applications, from clothing to industrial uses. Understanding these specifications allows for better selection and application of canvas in various industries.

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