和田玉

As early as the Neolithic Age, the ancestors under the Kunlun Mountains discovered Hetian jade and transported and exchanged things as a medium of gems and friendships, forming the “Jade Road” of the oldest Hetian jade transportation channel in China. Some scholars believe that this is the predecessor of the "Silk Road."

Today's Hetian jade is continuing its role as a medium of the new era - to "raise" people with jade, to provide employment and opportunities for the people; to "support" morality, to conserve the people, to maintain national unity and stability in Xinjiang.

Jade "raising" people

On the weekends of Kashgar Street, the antique city, the jade people from all over southern Xinjiang flocked. For a booth fee of $20, they can sell a day here.

The 35-year-old Kashgar, Ma Hemu, has been selling here for 11 years and Hetian jade. Chinese is very slippery. "I learned from mainland tourists, I am black belly (illiterate)." The first sentence he learned was "Hello," and the second sentence was "How much."

In the past, Turkish crafts were sold in Kashgar, and many tourists would ask Ma Hemu to sell Hetian jade. When he smelled the business opportunity, he went to Hetian to find a friend who digging jade to get the goods to sell, and then entered.

Together with the adjacent pedestrian street, Shannon Street forms the bustling commercial center of Kashgar. Kashgar, known as the “hometown of fruits and fruits” and “the main road of silk”, has been infiltrated in the long river of multi-cultural civilization for more than 2000 years, and it is a secularized area.

However, religious extreme thoughts have infiltrated into southern Xinjiang in recent years, once breaking the peace here.

Liu Dianzhen, a cadre of the Ministry of Science and Technology and a Xinjiang Science and Technology Department, believes that training Xinjiang's industrial and technical workers to let the idlers have a job and let the incompetent have the technology is the most direct and long-term effective way to maintain stability.

Xinjiang Hetianyu Cultural Industry Park and Xinjiang Vocational University have jointly trained minority jade carving talents for Bazhou and Qiemo County since last year.

Fan Junqi, head of the Xinjiang Hetianyu Cultural Industry Park, said that 30 jade carving masters have been trained last year, and this project will continue in the future to promote the development of the characteristic industry of Qixian County.

Although Hetian produces beautiful jade, it is world-famous, but for many years it has been selling the original stone, "there is no jade carving." Since April this year, under the organization of the Xinjiang Jewelry Chamber of Commerce, Zhao Min, a national jade carving master, has come to Hetian County for the first time to train students of minority jade carving skills free of charge.

The students were born in the late 1990s and are around 16 years old. They are at home after graduating from junior high school. Mi Riban from Ying Ai Ri Ke Township, Hotan County, is a child who has been "free for more than half a year" at home. This year he signed up for this training program.

The three-month free training allowed the first batch of 50 minority students to master the jade carving skills; after obtaining the certificate, the government will provide them with small business loans and social security subsidies to allow them to enjoy all the preferential policies for employment.

In the first "Hetianyu Young Jade Carving Training Class" exhibition in August this year, the trainees' works were vivid, with lotus flower inserts, pen holders, tea bowls and jade pots.

In order to help children build confidence and encourage them to change their lives with their hands, Guo Lanxiang, president of the Xinjiang Jewelry Chamber of Commerce, took a photo of the student's work. 300 yuan belt buckle, 800 yuan wishful thumb, 1000 yuan blue and white pen holder, 1,300 yuan sugar white wine glass ... students' work has been popular.

"I am already familiar with some basic engraving techniques, and I have mastered the use and composition of the machine, and I can make money with my own craft." Mi Riban said.

Guo Lanxiang said that the move is to solve the employment problem for the poor students in Hotan County, and let them return to the village to lead more minority youths to employment and entrepreneurship. "I will continue this road of public welfare and call for more jade carvings. The master walked into Hetian and cultivated more young jade carving talents."

Jade

Xinjiang is building a firewall to resist the penetration of religious extreme ideas, enhance the ability of the people to distinguish between right and wrong, and promote grassroots harmony and stability.

"The most important thing is the cultivation of the human heart." Aishwar, a young Kashgar in his early 30s, is studying the Dictionary of Turkic. He discovered that this linguistic masterpiece, which originated during the heyday of the Karahan Dynasty, mentioned "Jade" in the second chapter of the third chapter - the general idea is that "Peiyu will not be hit by lightning" "When hunger If you put jade in your mouth, you won’t be thirsty."

The Turkic Dictionary is a glorious milestone in the high civilization created by the Uighur people and an excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. Ainwal said that in the past Uighurs sold jade to make money. "More and more people are now understanding and spreading jade culture."

According to historical records, at the latest in the early Spring and Autumn Period, the politician Guan Zhong (645 BC) proposed that jade had "nine virtues." In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Confucian scholar Kong Qiu proposed that Jade had "11 virtues" and pushed Yude's point of view to the peak. In the long history of history, people think and feel the character of jade for generations, so that they can personalize and purify the soul and correct life.

Shawuti Dawuti, who used to be a chef at Horgos Customs, met many mainland friends for selling jade. He often sells a box and Tianyu to the mainland. "Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou have all been there. More and more mainlanders like Hetianyu, giving us the opportunity to make money."

Ainwal hopes that Shawuti will be able to understand more cultures by selling "Jade Man" for the purpose of making money. The 28-year-old Sodick and the 26-year-old Nizamidin may be the example of Shawuti.

The pair of brothers from Yecheng have been doing business for 8 years. Although they have not received orthodox education, they seem to be gentle. "Hetian jade has changed us." Brother Nizamidin said that only when morality is done can we match the jade we sell.

In the past, the economic conditions of the family were average, and the two had nothing to do; now one is in stock, one is selling goods, and the brothers are busy every day. "There should be some at home, double-door refrigerators and cars." Sodick said that this is not their purpose. "We must not only sell jade to the mainland, but also to the world, because jade culture is the essence of Chinese culture."

In order to better spread the jade culture, Aikebaier founder Aikebaier established Hetian Yulong Kashgar Culture Communication Co., Ltd. at the beginning of this year. They have branches in Suzhou, Urumqi, Kashi and Hotan.

"In the future, we will open 50 branches in China, train and hire Uygurs who love jade and understand jade to participate in the operation and promote the jade culture together." Ai Nival as a tasting consultant for the Aike Baier brand, confidence in the future Full.

"Culture is the soul of a nation. The nation that loses its national culture has no future and hope." Ainwal said that he hopes that Hetian jade, born in Xinjiang, can become a "new carrier and new medium" for the Uyghur people.

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